Ô NHIỄM ASEN TRONG ĐẤT: NGUYÊN NHÂN, ẢNH HƯỞNG VÀ CÁC GIẢI PHÁP XỬ LÝ HIỆU QUẢ: MỘT BÀI ĐÁNH GIÁ NGẮN

Nguyễn Thị Minh Phương

doi:10.34238/tnu-jst.11807

Ô NHIỄM ASEN TRONG ĐẤT: NGUYÊN NHÂN, ẢNH HƯỞNG VÀ CÁC GIẢI PHÁP XỬ LÝ HIỆU QUẢ: MỘT BÀI ĐÁNH GIÁ NGẮN

Thông tin bài báo

Ngày nhận bài: 02/01/25 Ngày hoàn thiện: 17/02/25 Ngày đăng: 19/02/25

Các tác giả

Nguyễn Thị Minh Phương , Đại học Duy Tân

Tóm tắt

Nghiên cứu này xem xét vấn đề quan trọng về ô nhiễm asen trong đất, tập trung vào các nguồn gốc, tác động và chiến lược xử lý. Nhằm hiểu rõ nguồn gốc và hậu quả của ô nhiễm asen, nghiên cứu này đánh giá các phương pháp giảm thiểu hiệu quả. Thông qua việc tổng hợp tài liệu hiện có và các khung lý thuyết, nghiên cứu tìm hiểu các nguồn ô nhiễm như hoạt động công nghiệp và nông nghiệp, đồng thời đánh giá các kỹ thuật xử lý như hấp phụ, xử lý sinh học và ổn định hóa học. Kết quả cho thấy nồng độ asen thường vượt ngưỡng an toàn, với mức trong nước ngầm lên đến 500 µg/L và trong đất lên đến 50 mg/kg. Những nồng độ cao này gây ra sự suy giảm độ phì nhiêu của đất, giảm năng suất cây trồng và các nguy cơ nghiêm trọng về sức khỏe, bao gồm ung thư và tổn thương cơ quan nội tạng. Để giải quyết những thách thức này, nghiên cứu đề xuất các chiến lược xử lý hiệu quả như sử dụng vật liệu hấp phụ (ví dụ, than hoạt tính), phương pháp sinh học như phytoremediation, và thực thi các biện pháp kiểm soát nghiêm ngặt đối với phát thải asen. Kết quả nhấn mạnh sự cần thiết của các cách tiếp cận tích hợp kết hợp công nghệ tiên tiến, can thiệp sinh học và các biện pháp quản lý nhằm giảm thiểu ô nhiễm asen và bảo vệ môi trường cũng như sức khỏe cộng đồng.

Từ khóa

Asen; Ô nhiễm đất; Phytoremediation; Bioremediation; Xử lý asen

Toàn văn:

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Tài liệu tham khảo

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.34238/tnu-jst.11807

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