Email this article MOTIVATION OF WOMEN MICRO ENTREPRENEURS: THE DIFERENCE BETWEEN PARTNERSHIP AND SOLO PROPRIETORSHIP ENTREPRENEURS IN HA NOI
About this article
Published: 20/08/18Authors
Nguyen Thanh Huong
, National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA)
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the motivational factors affecting the women micro-entrepreneurs in Ha Noi, Viet Nam. The previous studies just focused on push and pull factors of women micro-entrepreneurs motivation. However, this study employed push and pulls factors to find out the motivation for women business through 350 valid respondents of a survey with two group respondents who are venturing in sole proprietorship and partnership. The aim of this research was to find out a difference between partnership and sole proprietorship entrepreneurs in Ha Noi through focusing on two factors group as push factors and pull factors. The results pointed out that there are differences between two groups of respondents in both pull factors and push factors. Among the push factors, the study showed a higher evaluation of partnership for unemployment factor, dissatisfaction in previous occupation and family pressure. However, the result indicated that sole proprietorship was focused on earning extra money and gained a higher standing in society. Therefore, the recommendations for women to become entrepreneurs have more challenges in their life, balancing their roles in family and society, and starting own women business.
Keywords
References
1. Dollar and Gatti, 1999. Dollar, D., Gatti, R. (1999), “Gender Inequality, Income, and Growth: Are Good Times Good for Women?” World Bank Working Paper, pp. 21-2.
2. World Bank. 2001. Engendering Development Through Gender Equality in Rights, Resources, and Voice, Washington, DC: World Bank. Policy Research Report
3. Bradshaw, Sarah and Castellino, Joshua and Diop, Bineta (2013) Women's role in economic development: overcoming the constraints, prepared for the High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda. Project Report. The United Nations.
4. Ahmed, Z. S. (2011). “Evidence of the characteristics of women entrepreneurs in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia”: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 2(3), 124-125
5. Nawaz, F. (2010). “Nexus between women entrepreneurship development and empowerment: Bangladesh context”. Nepalese journal of public policy and governance, xxvi(3), p 63
6. Alpízar Durán, L (2010) Beijing +15 from hopes to disappointment and non-accountability. Development 53(2): pp. 202–209.
7. Nagadevara, V. (2009). “Impact of gender in small scale enterprises: A study of women entreprises in India”. Journal of international business and economics : JIBE, 9(1), pp. 111–117.
8. Kelley, D, Brush, CG, Greene, PG. (2011) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2012 Women’s Report. Babson Park, MA: Babson College
9. Vietnam Women Entrepreneurs Council (VWEC). (2007). Women's entrepreneurship development in Vietnam. Hanoi. Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro- bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_100456.pdf
10. Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2006). Business research methods (9. ed, International ed). Boston, Mass: McGraw-Hill.
11. James, H. (2012). “Success of Women Micro-Enterprise Development”. International Journal of Scienific and Research Publications, p. 2(9).
12. Kelley, D. J., Brush, C. G., Greene, P. G., & Litovsky, Y. (2013). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2012 Women’s Report. Retrieved from http://gemconsortium.org/docs/download/2825
13. Ascher J. (2012). “Female Entrepreneurship – An Appropriate Response to Gender Discriminaton”. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovaton (JEMI), 8(4), pp. 97–114.
14. Mwobobia, F. M. (2012). “The Challenges Facing Small-Scale Women Entrepreneurs: A Case of Kenya”. International Journal of Business Administration, p. 3(2).
15. Verheul, I., Thurik, R., Hessels, J., & van der Zwan, P. (2010). Factors influencing the entrepreneurial engagement of opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs. EIM Research Reports h, 201011, 1-24. 22.
16. Giacomin, O., Janssen, F., Guyot, J. L., & Lohest, O. (2011). Opportunity and/or necessity entrepreneurship? The impact of the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs.
17. Garland, R. (1991). The Mid-Point on a Rating Scale: Is it Desirable?. Marketing Bulleti, 2, 66-70. Retrieved from: http://marketing-bulletin.massey.ac.nz/v2/mb_v2_n3_garland.pdf
18. Jamali, D. (2009). “Constraints and opportunities facing women entrepreneurs in developing countries: A relational perspective. Gender in Management”: An International Journal, 24(4), pp. 232–251.
19. Tambunan, (2009) "Export oriented small and medium industry clusters in Indonesia", Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Vol. 3 Issue: 1, pp.25-58
20. Yamane, Taro. (1967): Statistics: An Introductory Analysis, 2nd Ed., New York: Harper and Row.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.