EXPLETIVE WORD “WITH” IN GRAMMAR

Abstract

“With” is a familiar expletive and frequently used by Vietnamese people. The article analyzed and clarified the grammatical meanings and grammatical activities of “With” in each specific case. By statistics, classification combined with collation, description, it can be seen that expletive “With” plays the role of many types of words: adjunction, particle and conjunction. In each category of words, “with” has different ways of expressing meanings and grammatical activities. As a conjunction, “with” undertakes a lot of grammatical meanings and has ability to combine with other language units in a diverse way. Being an adjunction, “with” often follows verbs to indicate the direction of the action. Playing the role as a particle, “with” usually comes at the end of sentences to indicate the meaning of Vietnamese sentences. The research once again affirms the important role of “with” as well as helps readers to approach and analyze the aspect of semantics and use of this expletive in the direction of the study of functional grammar in an easier way.